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The New Deal Farm Security Administration in the Lower Mississippi Delta:
Reading the Photographic Record
by
Jane Adams
D. Gorton
Here is an exemplary series of better than 175 frames from Southeast Missouri Farms from May,1938. Russell Lee shot the house plant, porch plant, privy plant, food storage plant, and barn plant where buildings were prefabbed. He then documented their construction.

Lee sometimes photographed “before” and “after’ shots of the existing structures – for example, privies and poultry houses – and their improved, FSA counterparts. Many of the images are untitled and can only be found by viewing all the pictures in a series.

The images are sometimes out of order because the photographers would send their film to Washington, DC, where it would be processed and test prints made. The test prints and, sometimes, negatives would then be returned to the photographer, who would date them and write captions, and return them to Washington. (see http://memory.loc.gov/ ammem/fsahtml/ fabout.html for a description of the process.)


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Privies in New Madrid County, Missouri. New Madrid County, Missouri, Russell Lee, May, 1938. L-R: LC-USF33- 011575-M3,
LC-USF33- 011490-M3, LC-USF33- 011490-M1, LC-USF33- 011559-M4
The FSA photographers also documented the existing living conditions of the sharecroppers. Sometimes they were decrepit, and worse, sometimes simply very poor. We have not undertaken a comprehensive study of these photographs, but our initial survey suggests that they photographed what we might consider a “representative sample” of sharecropper’s housing, both in the Delta and in the South in general.
Documentation of the privy plant and erection of sanitary privies, Southeast Missouri Farms Project, Russell Lee, May 1938.

Left: Privies. Onward march the crusaders of rural sanitary conditions. Southeast Missouri Farms Project. Russell Lee, May 1938. LC-USF33-011451-M4

Right:
Southeast Missouri Farms. Privy on new farm unit. La Forge project, Missouri. Russell Lee, May 1938. LC-USF34- 031141-D
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